1. Breastfeeding during pregnancy: A systematic review
G López-Fernández, M Barrios, J Goberna-Tricas, J Gómez-Benito Women Birth. 2017 Dec;30(6):e292-e300.doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2017.05.008.Epub 2017 Jun 19.
Background:The consequences of breastfeeding during pregnancy (BDP) have not been clearly established. Available studies have addressed isolated aspects of this issue using different methodologies, often resulting in contradictory results. To our knowledge, no systematic review has assessed and compared these studies, making it difficult to obtain a clear picture of the consequences of BDP.Aim:To review and summarise all the scientific evidence relating to BDP, and determine whether this evidence is sufficient to establish clear implications for the mother, breastmilk, breastfed child, current pregnancy, and ultimately, the newborn.
2. Single inhaler extrafine triple therapy in uncontrolled asthma (TRIMARAN and TRIGGER): two double-blind, parallel-group, randomised, controlled phase 3 trials
Johann Christian Virchow, Piotr Kuna, Pierluigi Paggiaro, Alberto Papi, Dave Singh, Sandrine Corre, Florence Zuccaro, Andrea Vele, Maxim Kots, George Georges, Stefano Petruzzelli, Giorgio Walter Canonica Clinical TrialLancet. 2019 Nov 9;394(10210):1737-1749.doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32215-9.Epub 2019 Sep 30.
Background:To date, no studies have assessed the efficacy of single-inhaler triple therapy in asthma. Here we report on two studies that compared the single-inhaler extrafine combination of beclometasone dipropionate (BDP; inhaled corticosteroid), formoterol fumarate (FF; long-acting β2 agonist), and glycopyrronium (G; long-acting muscarinic antagonist) with the combination of BDP with FF.
3. Breast-feeding During Pregnancy and the Risk of Miscarriage
Joseph Molitoris Perspect Sex Reprod Health. 2019 Sep;51(3):153-163.doi: 10.1363/psrh.12120.Epub 2019 Sep 16.
Context:Breast-feeding rates and durations have been increasing among U.S. women in recent decades. As a result, women may be more likely to practice breast-feeding during pregnancy (BDP), which has been hypothesized to increase the risk of miscarriage, yet there has been little research into the issue. Methods:Data on 10,661 pregnancies from several waves of the National Survey of Family Growth, covering the years 2002-2015, were used to calculate unadjusted miscarriage rates according to BDP status. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were employed to investigate the association between BDP and the risk of miscarriage. Results:BDP was practiced for 6% of the total time at risk of miscarriage. The miscarriage rate was higher when mothers exclusively breast-fed during pregnancy (35%) than when they practiced either complementary BDP (i.e., the child also consumed other food) or did not breast-feed (14% and 15%, respectively). After adjustment for maternal and pregnancy characteristics, the risk of miscarriage was greater when mothers exclusively breast-fed than when mothers did not breast-feed (hazard ratio, 3.9), but no increased risk was found with complementary BDP. The miscarriage risk during exclusive BDP was similar to that for women who conceived when they were 40 or older (3.2).Conclusions:Exclusive BDP is associated with an elevated risk of miscarriage, but it remains unclear whether and how the practice is associated with health outcomes for the mother and breast-fed child. Research is needed to further explore these outcomes to inform recommendations regarding BDP.
