AMPK (Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase)

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AMPK (Adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase), or AMP-dependent protein kinase, is a key molecule in the regulation of biological energy metabolism and the core of the study of diabetes and other metabolism-related diseases. It belongs to a highly conserved eukaryotic protein family, and its orthologues are SNF1 in yeast and SnRK1 in plants. It consists of three proteins (subunits) that together form a functional enzyme that is conserved from yeast to humans. The protein kinase can maintain the balance between ATP production and consumption in eukaryotic cells by sensing the energy state of cells, that is, energy homeostasis. At the same time, AMPK also plays an important role in regulating cell growth and proliferation, establishing and stabilizing cell polarity, regulating animal lifespan, regulating physiological rhythm and so on.

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