EGFR (Epidermal growth factor receptor)

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Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a protein product of oncogene HER1. EGFR is a transmembrane glycoprotein (a member of the erbB family of cell surface receptors) that plays a role in a variety of metabolic pathways. This is driven by the binding of different ligands such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor α (TGFa), dual-purpose modulin, β-cell protein, heparin binding protein, epidermal modulin, core protein and vaccine virus growth factor. These ligands induce dimerization of receptors and phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase domains. The activation of EGFR is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, anti-apoptosis, cell movement, adhesion, invasion and angiogenesis. The increase of EGFR activity caused by the overexpression, co-expression and activation of receptors and their ligands is a sign of many human cancers.

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