1. Cefixime
Although no information is available on the use of cefixime during breastfeeding, cephalosporins are generally not be expected to cause adverse effects in breastfed infants. Occasionally disruption of the infant's gastrointestinal flora, resulting in diarrhea or thrush have been reported with cephalosporins, but these effects have not been adequately evaluated. Cefixime is acceptable in nursing mothers.
2. N-(3-[18F]Fluoropropyl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane
Kam Leung
Dopamine, a neurotransmitter, plays an important role in the mediation of movement, cognition, and emotion. Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with a loss of dopamine-containing neurons in the striatum, resulting in a loss of dopamine transporters (DAT) in the presynaptic nerve terminals (1, 2). Reduction of DAT density is inversely correlated with the severity of motor dysfunction in PD patients. Several cocaine analogs were developed for the evaluation of DAT density in neurons of PD patients. Radiolabeled 2β-carboxymethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane (β-CIT) andN-(3-fluoropropyl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane (FP-CIT) have been used for brain imaging (3-6). Because of the short physical half-live of11C- of11C-labeled analogs, equilibrium conditions are difficult to achieve in positron emission tomography (PET) measurements. [123I]β-CIT was studied in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), which showed slow tracer uptake kinetics (7, 8). This led to the development ofN-(3-[18F]fluoropropyl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane ([18F]FP-CIT) for PET brain imaging in PD patients (4).
3. N-4-Fluorobut-2-yn-1-yl-2β-carbo-[11C]methoxy-3β-phenyltropane
Kam Leung
Dopamine, a neurotransmitter, plays an important role in the mediation of movement, cognition, and emotion. Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with a loss of dopamine-containing neurons in the striatum, resulting in a loss of dopamine transporter (DAT) in the presynaptic nerve terminals (1, 2). Reduction of DAT density is inversely correlated with the severity of motor dysfunction in PD patients. Several (-)-cocaine analogs were developed for the evaluation of DAT density in neurons of PD patients. Radiolabeled 2β-carboxymethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)tropane (β-CIT) andN-(3-fluoropropyl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane (FP-CIT) have been used for brain imaging (3-6). Because of the short physical half-life of11C-labeled analogs, equilibrium conditions are difficult to achieve in positron emission tomography (PET) measurements. [123I]β-CIT was studied in single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and showed slow tracer uptake kinetics (7, 8). A tropane derivative, [11C]-(E)-N-(4-fluorobut-2-enyl)-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4'-tolyl)nortropane ([11C]LBT-999), was evaluated as a radioligand for studies of DAT with PET imaging (9-11).N-4-Fluorobut-2-yn-1-yl-2β-carbo-[11C]methoxy-3β-phenyltropane ([11C]PR04.MZ) was developed through the use of a conformational restriction approach based on (-)-cocaine (12). PR04.MZ exhibited a 100-fold higher potency than (-)-cocaine in inhibition of human DAT and better selectivity over the human noradrenalin transporter (hNET) and human serotonin transporter (hSERT). [11C]PR04.MZ has been evaluated as a radioligand for studies of DAT with PET imaging.
