Azido-PEG2-propionic acid
Azido-PEG2-propionic acid is a heterobifunctional PEG-based linker featuring a terminal azide group and a short PEG spacer terminating in a carboxylic acid. The two-ethylene-oxide chain provides a flexible, hydrophilic segment that can reduce steric interference between a ligand and the recruited degradation machinery, while the carboxylate enables straightforward amide coupling or other carboxyl-reactive conjugation strategies. In PROTAC design, the azide handle is commonly used for copper-free or copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (“click”) or related bioorthogonal reactions to attach the linker to an alkyne-bearing warhead or to incorporate it into larger modular constructs. This linker thus serves as a practical molecular “bridge” that positions functional groups at a controlled distance and orientation, facilitating efficient formation of the ternary complex required for ubiquitin–proteasome–mediated degradation. Its modular chemistry supports rapid synthesis and systematic structure–activity studies in targeted protein degradation research.
Structure of 1312309-63-9
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Azido-PEG2-propionic acid is a bifunctional PEG-based linker designed for modular assembly of PROTACs, enabling efficient conjugation between a ligand and an E3-recruiting module. Its azide handle supports bioorthogonal click-type coupling, while the carboxylic acid provides a practical site for amide formation. These features help researchers build well-defined degraders with controlled linker geometry; detailed structural and reactivity considerations are provided below.
Structure: The linker comprises a short polyethylene glycol segment bearing a terminal azide and a terminal carboxylic acid. It contains ether linkages within the PEG chain, an azide functional group, and a carboxylic acid suitable for acyl-derivatization. Overall, it is a polar, water-compatible scaffold with flexible conformational behavior.
Reactivity: The azide group is commonly used in copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition or related azide-based conjugation strategies, proceeding via formation of a triazole linkage under suitable conditions. The carboxylic acid can be converted to an activated ester or acid chloride and then coupled to amines to form stable amide bonds. Typical coupling workflows employ standard dehydrating/activating reagents and polar aprotic solvents, with base to promote nucleophilic acyl substitution; reaction design should account for azide stability and PEG solubility.
* Our calculator is based on the following equation:
Concentration (start) x Volume (start) = Concentration (final) x Volume (final)
It is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2
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